He mea hanga te taputapu PCD ki te pito maripi taimana polycrystalline me te anga carbide mā te whakamahi i te sintering pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei. Ehara i te mea ka taea anake te whakamahi i ngā painga o te pakeke teitei, te kawe wera teitei, te tauwehenga waku iti, te tauwehenga whānui wera iti, te iti o te hononga ki te konganuku me te kore-konganuku, te modulus elastic teitei, te kore e pakaru te mata, te isotropic, engari ka whakaarohia hoki te kaha teitei o te koranu mārō.
Ko te pumau o te wera, te pakari o te pānga me te ātete ki te kakahu ngā tohu matua o te mahi a te PCD. Nā te mea e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana teitei me te ahotea nui, ko te pumau o te wera te mea nui rawa atu. E whakaatu ana te rangahau he nui te pānga o te pumau o te wera o te PCD ki tōna ātete ki te kakahu me te pakari o te pānga. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga ina teitei ake te pāmahana i te 750℃, ka heke te ātete ki te kakahu me te pakari o te pānga o te PCD mā te 5% -10%.
Ko te āhua tioata o te PCD te mea e whakatau ana i ōna āhuatanga. I roto i te hanganga moroiti, ka hangaia e ngā ngota waro he hononga honohono me ngā ngota e whā e tata ana, ka whiwhi i te hanganga tetrahedral, kātahi ka hangaia he tioata ngota, he kaha te aronga me te kaha here, ā, he pakeke teitei. Ko ngā tohu mahi matua o te PCD e whai ake nei: ① ka taea e te pakeke te eke ki te 8000 HV, 8-12 ngā wā o te carbide; ② ko te kawe wera he 700W / mK, 1.5-9 ngā wā, he teitei ake i te PCBN me te parahi; ③ ko te tauwehenga waku he 0.1-0.3 noa iho, he iti iho i te 0.4-1 o te carbide, ka tino whakaiti i te kaha tapahi; ④ ko te tauwehenga whānui wera he 0.9x10-6-1.18x10-6,1 / 5 noa iho o te carbide, ka taea te whakaiti i te whakarerekētanga wera me te whakapai ake i te tika o te tukatuka; ⑤ me ngā rauemi kore-whakarewa he iti ake te kaha ki te hanga pona.
He kaha te ātete o te nitride boron kūpiko ki te waikura, ā, ka taea te tukatuka i ngā rauemi kei roto te rino, engari he iti ake te pakeke i te taimana karaihe kotahi, he puhoi te tere tukatuka, ā, he iti te whai huatanga. He tino pakeke te taimana karaihe kotahi, engari kāore i te rawaka te pakari. Mā te anisotropy ka ngāwari te wehewehe i te mata (111) i raro i te pānga o te kaha o waho, ā, he iti te whai huatanga o te tukatuka. He polymer te PCD i hangaia e ngā matūriki taimana rahi-micron mā ētahi tikanga. Ko te āhua pōrearea o te kohikohinga koretake o ngā matūriki ka arahi ki tōna āhua isotropic macroscopic, ā, kāore he mata ahunga me te pakaru i roto i te kaha kume. Ki te whakatauritea ki te taimana karaihe kotahi, ka whakaitihia e te rohe kōpaka o te PCD te anisotropy me te arotau i ngā āhuatanga miihini.
1. Ngā mātāpono hoahoa o ngā taputapu tapahi PCD
(1) Kōwhiringa whaitake o te rahi o te matūriki PCD
I roto i te ariā, me ngana te PCD ki te whakamahine i ngā kakano, ā, me rite te tohatoha o ngā tāpiringa i waenga i ngā hua kia taea ai te whakakore i te anisotropy. Ko te whiriwhiri i te rahi o te matūriki PCD e pā ana hoki ki ngā āhuatanga tukatuka. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te whakamahi i te PCD he kaha teitei, he pakari pai, he ātete pānga pai me te kakano pai mō te whakaotinga, te whakaotinga super rānei, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i te PCD o te kakano matotoru mō te miihini taratara whānui. Ka taea e te rahi o te matūriki PCD te pā nui ki te mahi kakahu o te taputapu. E tohu ana ngā tuhinga e pā ana, ina nui te kakano o te rauemi mata, ka piki haere te ātete kakahu me te hekenga o te rahi o te kakano, engari ina iti rawa te rahi o te kakano, kāore e tika tēnei ture.
I roto i ngā whakamātautau e pā ana, i tīpakohia e rātou ētahi paura taimana e whā, ko te rahi toharite o ngā matūriki he 10um, 5um, 2um me te 1um, ā, ko te whakatau ko: ① I te hekenga o te rahi o ngā matūriki o te rauemi mata, ka horapa ōrite te Co; i te hekenga o te ②, ka heke haere te ātete kakahu me te ātete wera o te PCD.
(2) He kōwhiringa whaitake o te āhua o te waha o te mata me te matotoru o te mata
Ko te āhua o te waha o te mata e whā ngā hanganga matua: te taha hurihuri, te porowhita pūngoi, te taha hurihuri, te porowhita pūngoi whakakotahi, me te koki koi. Mā te hanganga koki koi ka koi te mata, ka tere te tere tapahi, ka taea te whakaiti i te kaha tapahi me te kōpiko, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te mata, he pai ake mō te koranu konumohe silicon iti me ētahi atu mea iti te pakeke, he rite te whakaotinga konganuku kore-ferrous. Ka taea e te hanganga porowhita pūngoi te whakakore i te waha o te mata, ka hanga koki R, ka ārai i te whati o te mata, he pai mō te tukatuka i te koranu konumohe silicon reo/teitei. I ētahi wā motuhake, pērā i te hōhonutanga tapahi pāpaku me te whāngai maripi iti, he pai ake te hanganga porowhita pūngoi. Ka taea e te hanganga taha hurihuri te whakanui ake i ngā taha me ngā kokonga, te whakau i te mata, engari i te wā kotahi ka whakanui ake i te pēhanga me te ātete tapahi, he pai ake mō te tapahi kawenga taumaha i te koranu konumohe silicon teitei.
Hei whakahaere i te EDM, me whiriwhiri he paparanga pepa PDC angiangi (0.3-1.0mm), me te paparanga carbide, ko te matotoru katoa o te taputapu he 28mm pea. Kaua te paparanga carbide e matotoru rawa kia kore ai e pā te rerekētanga o te ahotea i waenga i ngā mata here.
2, te tukanga hanga taputapu PCD
Ko te tukanga hanga o te taputapu PCD te mea e whakatau tika ana i te mahi tapahi me te roa o te mahi a te taputapu, koinei te mea nui ki tōna whakamahinga me tōna whanaketanga. Kei te whakaatuhia te tukanga hanga o te taputapu PCD i te Pikitia 5.
(1) Te hanga papa PCD (PDC)
① Te tukanga hanga o te PDC
Ko te PDC he mea hanga i te paura taimana tūturu, i te paura taimana hangai rānei, me te kaihoko here i te pāmahana teitei (1000-2000℃) me te pēhanga teitei (5-10 atm). Ka hangaia e te kaihoko here te piriti here me te TiC, Sic, Fe, Co, Ni, me ētahi atu hei wāhanga matua, ā, ka whakauruhia te tioata taimana ki roto i te anga o te piriti here i roto i te āhua o te here hononga. Ko te PDC he mea hanga i roto i ngā kōpae he diameter me te matotoru pumau, ā, ka hurihia, ka orohia me ētahi atu maimoatanga ā-tinana me te matū e rite ana. Ko te tikanga, ko te āhua pai o te PDC me pupuri i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana pai o te taimana tioata kotahi i te mea ka taea, nō reira, me iti rawa ngā tāpiringa i roto i te tinana sintering, i te wā kotahi, me whakakotahi te hononga DD matūriki i te mea ka taea.
② Te whakarōpūtanga me te kōwhiringa o ngā here
Ko te here te mea nui rawa atu e pā ana ki te pumau o te taputapu PCD i roto i te wera, e pā tika ana ki tōna pakeketanga, tōna ātete ki te kakahu me te pumau o te wera. Ko ngā tikanga here PCD noa ko: te rino, te cobalt, te nickel me ētahi atu konganuku whakawhiti. I whakamahia te paura whakaranu Co me te W hei kaihoko here, ā, ko te mahi whānui o te PCD sintering i pai rawa atu i te wā ko te pēhanga hanga he 5.5 GPa, ko te pāmahana sintering he 1450℃ me te whakamahana mō te 4 meneti. SiC, TiC, WC, TiB2, me ētahi atu rauemi uku. SiC He pai ake te pumau o te SiC i te wera o te Co, engari he iti noa te pakeketanga me te pakari o te pakaru. Mā te whakaiti tika i te rahi o te rauemi mata ka taea te whakapai ake i te pakeketanga me te pakari o te PCD. Kāore he piripiri, me te karāpeti, me ētahi atu pūtake waro rānei i roto i te pāmahana tino teitei me te pēhanga teitei kua tahuna ki roto i te taimana polymer nanoscale (NPD). Ko te whakamahi i te karāpeti hei matū mua ki te whakarite i te NPD te mea tino uaua, engari ko te NPD hanga he pakeke teitei me ngā āhuatanga miihini pai rawa atu.
Te whiriwhiri me te whakahaere i ngā witi ③
Ko te paura taimana mata he mea nui e pā ana ki te mahi a te PCD. Mā te tukatuka i mua i te paura taimana iti, te tāpiri i tētahi iti o ngā matū e aukati ana i te tipu o ngā matūriki taimana rerekē, me te whiriwhiri tika i ngā tāpiringa sintering ka taea te aukati i te tipu o ngā matūriki taimana rerekē.
Ka taea e te NPD parakore teitei me te hanganga ōrite te whakakore i te anisotropy me te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga miihini. Ko te paura mua o te nanographite i whakaritea mā te tikanga huri pōro kaha-teitei i whakamahia hei whakahaere i te ihirangi hāora i te pāmahana teitei i mua i te whakatō, ka huri i te graphite hei taimana i raro i te 18 GPa me te 2100-2300℃, ka puta he lamella me te granular NPD, ā, ka piki ake te pakeke me te hekenga o te matotoru o te lamella.
④ Te maimoatanga matū i muri i te wā
I te pāmahana kotahi (200 °℃) me te wā kotahi (20h), he pai ake te pānga tango cobalt o te waikawa Lewis-FeCl3 i tērā o te wai, ā, ko te ōwehenga tino pai o te HCl he 10-15g / 100ml. Ka pai ake te pumau wera o te PCD i te pikinga o te hohonutanga tango cobalt. Mō te PCD tipu matotoru, ka taea e te maimoatanga waikawa kaha te tango katoa i te Co, engari he nui te awe ki te mahi polymer; te tāpiri i te TiC me te WC hei whakarerekē i te hanganga polycrystal hangai me te whakakotahi me te maimoatanga waikawa kaha hei whakapai ake i te pumau o te PCD. I tēnei wā, kei te pai haere te tukanga whakarite o ngā rauemi PCD, he pai te pakari o te hua, kua tino pai ake te anisotropy, kua tutuki te whakaputanga arumoni, kei te tere te whanaketanga o ngā ahumahi e pā ana.
(2) Te tukatuka i te mata PCD
① tukanga tapahi
He tino mārō te PCD, he pai te ātete ki te kakahu, ā, he uaua te tukanga tapahi.
② tukanga whakarewa
Ko te PDC me te tinana maripi mā te whakapiri miihini, te here me te whakakā. Ko te whakakā ko te pēhi i te PDC ki runga i te matihiko carbide, tae atu ki te whakakā korehau, te whakakā horapa korehau, te whakakā whakamahana aukume auau teitei, te whakakā laser, me ētahi atu. He iti te utu me te nui o te hokinga mai o te whakakā whakamahana aukume auau teitei, ā, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga. Ko te kounga o te whakakā e pā ana ki te rere, te whakakā koranu me te pāmahana whakakā. Ko te pāmahana whakakā (i raro iho i te 700 °℃) te mea nui rawa atu, he teitei rawa te pāmahana, he ngāwari ki te whakaputa i te whakakā PCD, tae noa ki te "wera nui", e pā tika ana ki te pānga whakakā, ā, ko te pāmahana iti rawa ka arahi ki te koretake o te kaha whakakā. Ka taea te whakahaere i te pāmahana whakakā e te wā whakamātao me te hohonu o te whero PCD.
③ tukanga huri mata
Ko te tukanga huri taputapu PCD te mea matua ki te tukanga hanga. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te uara tihi o te mata me te mata kei roto i te 5um, ā, ko te radius pewa kei roto i te 4um; mā te mata tapahi o mua me muri ka whakarite kia tino oti te mata, ā, ka whakaitihia te mata tapahi o mua Ra ki te 0.01 μm kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga whakaata, kia rere ai ngā maramara i te mata o mua o te maripi, kia kore ai e piri te maripi.
Ko te tukanga huri mata ko te huri mata mīhini a te wira huri taimana, te huri mata hiko (EDG), te huri mata whakaoti hiko (ELID) me te huri mata hiato. I roto i ēnei, ko te huri mata mīhini a te wira huri taimana te mea tino pakari, te mea tino whānui te whakamahinga.
Ngā whakamātautau e pā ana: ① ka hinga rawa te mata o te wira huri matūriki taratara, ka heke te rahi o te matūriki o te wira huri, ā, ka pai ake te kounga o te mata; ② he hononga tata te rahi o te matūriki o te wira huri ki te kounga o te mata o ngā taputapu PCD matūriki taratara pai, ngā taputapu PCD matūriki tino taratara rānei, engari he iti noa te pānga ki ngā taputapu PCD matūriki taratara.
Ko ngā rangahau e pā ana ki te kāinga me tāwāhi e aro nui ana ki te tikanga me te tukanga o te huri mata. I roto i te tikanga huri mata, ko te tango matū wera me te tango miihini te mea matua, ā, he iti noa te tango pakarukaru me te tango ngenge. I te wā e huri ana, kia rite ki te kaha me te ātete wera o ngā wira huri taimana rerekē, kia pai ake te tere me te auau hurihuri o te wira huri ki te taea, kia karohia te pakarukaru me te tango ngenge, kia pai ake te ōwehenga o te tango matū wera, me te whakaiti i te taratara o te mata. He iti te taratara o te mata o te huri maroke, engari he ngāwari te wera o te mata taputapu nā te pāmahana tukatuka teitei.
Me aro te tukanga huri mata ki: ① whiriwhiri i ngā tawhā tukanga huri mata e tika ana, ka taea te whakapai ake i te kounga o te waha o te mata, ka teitei ake te mata o mua me muri o te mata. Heoi, whakaarohia hoki te kaha huri nui, te mate nui, te iti o te pai o te huri, me te utu nui; ② whiriwhiri i te kounga o te wira huri e tika ana, tae atu ki te momo here, te rahi o te matūriki, te kukū, te here, te whakakakahu wira huri, me ngā āhuatanga huri mata maroke me te mākū e tika ana, ka taea te whakapai ake i te kokonga o mua me muri o te taputapu, te uara whakangāwari o te pito maripi me ētahi atu tawhā, me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te mata o te taputapu.
He rerekē ngā āhuatanga o ngā wira huri taimana here, me ngā tikanga huri me ngā hua rerekē. He ngohengohe te wira onepu taimana here kapia, he ngāwari te taka wawe o ngā matūriki huri, kāore he ātete wera, he ngāwari te whakapōturi i te mata i te wera, he ngāwari te mata huri ki te pakaru, he nui te taratara; ka noho koi tonu te wira huri taimana here whakarewa mā te huri kuru, he pai te āhua o te mata, he iti te taratara o te mata o te huri mata, he nui ake te whai hua, heoi, nā te kaha here o ngā matūriki huri ka ngoikore te whakakoi-ake, ā, he ngāwari te waiho i te āputa pānga ki te mata tapahi, ka nui te kino o te taha; he kaha ngawari te wira huri taimana here uku, he pai te mahi whakaoho-ake, he nui ake ngā pore o roto, he pai mō te tango puehu me te whakamarara wera, ka taea te urutau ki ngā momo whakamatao, he iti te pāmahana huri, he iti ake te pakaru o te wira huri, he pai te pupuri i te āhua, he tino pai te whai hua, heoi, ko te tinana o te huri taimana me te here ka arahi ki te hanganga o ngā poka ki te mata o te taputapu. Whakamahia kia rite ki ngā rauemi tukatuka, te whai huatanga o te huri whānui, te roa o te wero me te kounga o te mata o te mea mahi.
Ko te rangahau mō te whai huatanga o te hurihanga e aro nui ana ki te whakapai ake i te hua me te whakahaere i ngā utu. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te tere hurihanga Q (te tango PCD i ia wā) me te ōwehenga kakahu G (te ōwehenga o te tango PCD ki te ngaronga o te wira hurihanga) e whakamahia ana hei paearu aromatawai.
Te whakamātautau a te tohunga Tiamana a KENTER i te taputapu PCD huri me te pēhanga pumau: ① ka whakanui ake i te tere o te wira huri, te rahi o te matūriki PDC me te kukū o te whakamatao, ka whakaitihia te tere huri me te ōwehenga kakahu; ② ka whakanui ake i te rahi o te matūriki huri, ka whakanui ake i te pēhanga pumau, ka whakanui ake i te kukū o te taimana i roto i te wira huri, ka piki ake te tere huri me te ōwehenga kakahu; ③ he rerekē te momo here, he rerekē te tere huri me te ōwehenga kakahu. I rangahauhia te tukanga huri mata o te taputapu PCD e KENTER, engari kāore i tātarihia te awe o te tukanga huri mata.
3. Te whakamahinga me te korenga o ngā taputapu tapahi PCD
(1) Te whiriwhiringa o ngā tawhā tapahi taputapu
I te wā tuatahi o te taputapu PCD, ka āta neke haere te waha o te mata koi, ā, ka pai ake te kounga o te mata o te mīhini. Ka taea e te whakakorenga te tango i te āputa moroiti me ngā kopa iti i puta mai i te huri o te mata, te whakapai ake i te kounga o te mata o te mata tapahi, ā, i te wa ano, ka hangaia he porowhita porowhita hei pēhi me te whakatika i te mata tukatuka, kia pai ake ai te kounga o te mata o te mea mahi.
Ko te tere tapahi o te taputapu PCD mō te mira konumohe koranu, ko te tere tapahi he 4000m/min te tikanga, ko te tukatuka kōhao he 800m/min te tikanga, ko te tukatuka i te konganuku kore-ferrous he kirihou-rahi te tere huri (300-1000m/min). Ko te rahinga whāngai e taunakihia ana i waenga i te 0.08-0.15mm/r. Ko te nui rawa o te rōrahi whāngai, ka nui ake te kaha tapahi, ka nui ake te horahanga āhuahanga toenga o te mata o te mea mahi; ko te iti rawa o te rōrahi whāngai, ka nui ake te wera tapahi, ka nui ake te kakahu. Ka piki ake te hōhonutanga tapahi, ka nui ake te kaha tapahi, ka nui ake te wera tapahi, ka iti haere te ora, ka taea e te hōhonutanga tapahi nui te hinga o te mata; ko te hōhonutanga tapahi iti ka arahi ki te whakapakeketanga mīhini, te kakahu, tae noa ki te hinga o te mata.
(2) Te āhua o te kakahu
Nā te waku, te pāmahana teitei me ētahi atu take, kāore e taea te karo i te pakaru o te taputapu. E toru ngā wāhanga o te pakaru o te taputapu taimana: te wāhanga pakaru tere tuatahi (e mōhiotia ana ko te wāhanga whakawhiti), te wāhanga pakaru pumau me te tere pakaru pumau, me te wāhanga pakaru tere i muri mai. Ko te wāhanga pakaru tere e tohu ana kāore te taputapu e mahi ana, me huri anō. Ko ngā momo pakaru o ngā taputapu tapahi ko te pakaru piri (te pakaru whakarewa makariri), te pakaru horapa, te pakaru kirikiri, te pakaru waikura, me ētahi atu.
He rerekē i ngā taputapu tuku iho, ko te momo kakahu o ngā taputapu PCD ko te kakahu piri, te kakahu horapa me te kino o te paparanga polycrystalline. I roto i ēnei, ko te kino o te paparanga polycrystal te take matua, e whakaatuhia ana ko te hinganga ngawari o te mata i puta mai i te pānga o waho, te ngaronga rānei o te piri i roto i te PDC, ka hanga he āputa, e pā ana ki te kino ā-tinana, ka arahi pea ki te whakahekenga o te tika o te tukatuka me te para o ngā wahi mahi. Ko te rahi o te matūriki PCD, te āhua o te mata, te koki o te mata, te rauemi o te wahi mahi me ngā tawhā tukatuka ka pā ki te kaha o te mata me te kaha tapahi, ā, ka puta te kino o te paparanga polycrystal. I roto i te mahi hangarau, me whiriwhiri te rahi matūriki rauemi mata e tika ana, ngā tawhā taputapu me ngā tawhā tukatuka kia rite ki ngā tikanga tukatuka.
4. Te whanaketanga o ngā taputapu tapahi PCD
I tēnei wā, kua whānuitia te whānuitanga o ngā tono o te taputapu PCD mai i te hurihanga tuku iho ki te keri, te mira, te tapahi tere-rahi, ā, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga i te kāinga me tāwāhi. Ko te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā waka hiko ehara i te mea kua pā ki te umanga motuka tuku iho anake, engari kua kawea mai hoki he wero onge ki te umanga taputapu, e akiaki ana i te umanga taputapu kia tere ake te arotau me te auahatanga.
Nā te whānui o te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu tapahi PCD kua hōhonu ake, kua whakatairangahia hoki te rangahau me te whanaketanga o ngā taputapu tapahi. I te hōhonutanga o te rangahau, kua iti haere ngā whakatakotoranga PDC, kua pai ake te whakapai ake i te kounga o te witi, kua ōrite te mahi, kua piki ake te tere huri me te ōwehenga kakahu, ā, kua rerekē haere te āhua me te hanganga. Ko ngā aronga rangahau o ngā taputapu PCD ko: ① rangahau me te whakawhanake i te paparanga PCD angiangi; ② rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā rauemi taputapu PCD hou; ③ rangahau hei whakapai ake i te whakarewa i ngā taputapu PCD me te whakaiti ake i te utu; ④ rangahau hei whakapai ake i te tukanga huri mata taputapu PCD hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga; ⑤ rangahau hei arotau i ngā tawhā taputapu PCD me te whakamahi i ngā taputapu kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o te rohe; ⑥ rangahau hei whiriwhiri i ngā tawhā tapahi kia rite ki ngā rauemi tukatuka.
whakarāpopototanga poto
(1) Ko te mahi tapahi taputapu PCD, e whakakī ana i te korenga o ngā taputapu carbide maha; i te wa ano, he iti rawa te utu i te taputapu taimana karaihe kotahi, i roto i te tapahi hou, he taputapu whai hua;
(2) E ai ki te momo me te mahi a ngā rauemi tukatuka, he kōwhiringa whaitake o te rahi matūriki me ngā tawhā o ngā taputapu PCD, koinei te kaupapa matua o te hanga me te whakamahi taputapu,
(3) He tino pakari te rauemi PCD, koinei te rauemi tino pai mō te tapahi maripi, engari he uaua anō hoki mō te hanga taputapu tapahi. I te wā e hanga ana, me whai whakaaro whānui ki te uauatanga o te tukanga me ngā hiahia tukatuka, kia tutuki ai te mahi utu pai rawa atu;
(4) I roto i te rohe o te maripi, me whiriwhiri tika ngā tawhā tapahi mō ngā rauemi tukatuka PCD, kia tutuki ai te mahi a te hua, kia roa ake ai te ora o te taputapu kia tutuki ai te taurite o te ora o te taputapu, te pai o te whakaputa me te kounga o te hua;
(5) Rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā rauemi taputapu PCD hou hei whakakore i ōna ngoikoretanga ā-roto
I ahu mai tēnei tuhinga i te "whatunga rauemi tino mārō"
Wā tuku: Maehe-25-2025
